As the core component of smart home, the uniformity of the surface coating of electronic door lock directly affects the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and appearance quality of the product. Electrostatic coating technology is widely used due to its advantages such as high efficiency and environmental protection, but the uniformity of coating is affected by many factors such as equipment parameters, material properties and process conditions.
The voltage, current and powder output of the spray gun are the core parameters affecting the uniformity of coating. Too high voltage can easily cause powder rebound, while too low voltage will result in insufficient charge; the current needs to match the voltage to ensure that the powder is fully charged; the powder output needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the shape of the workpiece. For example, for complex curved surface structural parts, the coating thickness deviation can be controlled within ±5μm by reducing the movement speed of the spray gun and increasing the powder output, and cooperating with the closed-loop control system to monitor parameter fluctuations in real time.
The electronic door lock electrostatic coating line relies on a high-voltage electric field to charge the powder particles, and the stability of the high-voltage system directly determines the uniformity of the coating. The output voltage and current fluctuation range of the high-voltage generator need to be regularly tested to ensure that they meet the process requirements. At the same time, anti-interference design (such as shielded cables and grounding optimization) is used to reduce external electromagnetic interference and avoid uneven powder deposition due to voltage fluctuations.
The fluidization state of the powder directly affects the uniformity of the powder output. The aperture of the fluidizing plate, the powder supply pressure and the powder pump speed need to be adjusted to make the powder "boiling" and free of agglomeration. For example, the optimal fluidization pressure is determined to be 0.2-0.4MPa through experiments, and the powder pump speed is controlled at 15-25r/min, which can ensure that the powder is continuously and stably delivered to the spray gun.
If the spraying distance is too close, it is easy to cause powder breakdown, and if it is too far, the deposition efficiency will be reduced; the spraying angle of the electronic door lock electrostatic coating line needs to be consistent with the normal direction of the workpiece surface to avoid powder rebound. For the special-shaped structure of the electronic door lock (such as threaded holes and grooves), a multi-angle rotating spray gun or robot path planning technology can be used to make the powder particles penetrate into the dead corner area under the action of the electric field force to improve the coating coverage.
Undeposited powder needs to be efficiently recovered and reused to reduce waste and keep the powder performance stable. The recovery efficiency of the cyclone separator and bag filter needs to be optimized to ensure that the powder recovery rate is ≥98%. At the same time, the recovered powder is vibrated and fluidized to remove impurities and restore its fluidization performance to avoid coating defects caused by powder agglomeration.
The ambient temperature and humidity have a significant impact on the charging performance and fluidity of the powder. The temperature of the spray chamber needs to be controlled at 20-25℃ and the humidity at 40%-60% to avoid moisture absorption and agglomeration of the powder or a decrease in the charge. Real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of environmental parameters can be achieved by installing temperature and humidity sensors and dehumidification/humidification equipment.
Clean, calibrate and replace key components such as spray guns, high-voltage generators, and fluidizing plates regularly to ensure that the equipment is in the best working condition. For example, check the insulation performance and atomization effect of the spray gun every month, calibrate the output parameters of the high-voltage generator every quarter, and replace the fluidizing plate and powder pump seals every year to avoid the degradation of coating quality due to equipment aging.
Optimizing the equipment parameters of the electronic door lock electrostatic coating line requires coordinated promotion from seven dimensions: spray gun regulation, high-voltage system, powder fluidization, spraying process, recycling system, environmental control and equipment maintenance. Through data-driven process optimization and closed-loop quality control, the coating uniformity can be significantly improved, the defective rate can be reduced, and a solid guarantee can be provided for the high-quality production of electronic door locks. In the future, with the introduction of AI visual inspection and digital twin technology, the coating process will be further intelligentized and adaptive, promoting the upgrading of industry technology.
